Change & Change Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Change & Change Management - Term Paper Example This is a fiction with an artistic approach Cheese as a word. Cheese has been used in the text to mean something that the company or organization holds dear (Spencer 14), hence why I chose this fictional text for analysis. The Cheese in this case refers to the livelihood, status and way of life that the four characters had in their environment (Spencer 14). For a company, the Cheese would be the status in the industry, the market size, the customers as well as the profits that they earn from their operations. When the Cheese is exhausted in the original station the four characters have to look for other ways to survive, just like how it happens when change occurs in any company. The mice are able to detect change before it happens and find ways to deal with it, while the little people wait for the change to happen before they can find ways to deal with it (Spencer 36). The intention of Spencer is to teach managers and anybody else interested in moving well with changes in an organiza tion. Most of the time, individuals would want to maintain the status quo because they are very comfortable with the current situations and would not like to put in more efforts to have a different status. Change is simply the alteration of the status quo or making things look differently from their original look. In organizations, change refers to the alteration of the overall work environment. Change can occur due to external or internal forces which disturb or force the status quo to be disturbed. Change caused by internal forces is called proactive change while that which is caused by external forces such as competition is referred to as reactive change. In Who Moved My Cheese, the writer uses four characters to describe how people react to change. Sniff and Scurry the mice are non judgmental and non-analytical. All they needed was cheese and were willing to do whatever it takes to get it. For the two little humans; Haw and Hem, cheese has a different meaning. It is a means of l ivelihood and helps them attain some sense of worth. When change occurs, a reaction to the change is in most cases involuntary and unplanned because most people fear change because they lack control over it. Change happens either to the individual or by the individual (Moris & Neering 76). It is because of this reason that Spencer shows us that what really matters the most, when it comes to change, is the attitude. It is important for an organisation to find ways of adopting to change. For example, big companies like IBM and Microsoft must craft ways of maintaining a competitive edge in the market and for them to do so they must embrace change in and outside (Moris & Neering 769). Introducing change is difficult and the process leaves different individuals with emotions and hatred for their managers and change agents. The best way of introducing change is aligning the company’s objectives with those of individuals (Yongmei & Pamela 265). Spencer’s allegory in Who Moved My Cheese, in this case is seen when the cheese is exhausted in one station and the two little people had to adopt a change; they had to craft other means of getting their daily bread (Spencer 36). As their way of adopting to change, Sniff and Scurry used try and error tactics. They searched one corridor after the other without assuming those corridors where they had never found cheese. Sniff, who is gifted with the skill of finding the direction of cheese, does so and scurry, goes ahead. Like managers in a company that is looking up for a positive change, they sometimes got lost but they retrace their direction and find their way (Spencer 34). This is not true for the mice alone; Denial in the process of adopting change is common in organizations.

Management portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Management portfolio - Essay Example Project size can range from small to medium and the type could be large scale creation and type of built environment for example regeneration. Some of the critical determinants essential for full-fledged functionality of Civil Engineering the cross-functional processes adding value to the civil engineering system through effective concept and value designs. Some of the important areas of focus to enumerate the aspects of civil engineering are Each of the categories plays a pivotal role to understand the aspects of civil engineering and relationship between civil engineering and the respective categories and functions. Finally, there is a need to devise a document control process to ensure the accuracy of the information and also research on the relevance of the same in various aspects. The entire portfolio is supported with effective case studies, schematic diagrams and data tables for better understanding and application. It is important to understand the regulatory requirements in civil engineering for better functionality of the stream. These regulatory requirements are Health and Safety, Environmental and other specific regulatory like Buildings, Railways and Highways. In order to correlate the Health, Safety and Environmental aspect of management with the civil engineering management, there are many postulated theories explaining the need for the same.Risk involved in any health and safety is the accidents. An accident is an unplanned, uncontrolled event that resulted in personal injury, property damage and/or some other loss, or could have resulted in personal injury, property damage and/or some other loss in slightly different circumstances Case study example CLIENT COMMITMENT AND ATTITUDE TO CONSTRUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY IN BOTSWANA Objective To identify present findings of a preliminary survey on the extent to which clients are involved in construction health and safety (H&S) implementation in Botswana. Methodology - A questionnaire survey was conduct ed on construction projects to establish the extent to which clients are involved in construction H&S. Physical observations were also conducted on construction sites in order to relate questionnaire responses to what was actually obtained on sites.  

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 40

Marketing - Essay Example Such beads and jewelry also attract tourists from other countries who come to learn culture and way of life of a group of people. The company will focus on making of quality beads and jewelry which are cheap for locals to buy and attractive to tourists. In order to achieve this, the company will need to purchase various local materials and beads, which will be combined in different colors and proportions to appeal to the customers. The company will be dealing in making of jewelry and beads, which will be used as ornaments, beauty products in the house, decorations in public occasions like weddings and general decorations in offices. The company will need beads shaping machines, firing equipment and a number of workers who will be joining the beads and jewelry to form meaningful shapes and structures. Paints and colors will also be needed to turn the sculptured beads into the desired colors and decorations (Dismore, 15). Market identification is a crucial thing for any business. It is the realization of the different needs of different markets and structuring products so that they can suit every buyer in the market. This phase of business formation is crucial because without good market identification the business will incur loses and eventually fails in operation. The best segmentation technique in the jewelry line of business is the using demographic factors. In this case, an entrepreneur is supposed to consider such factors as age ranges and their concentrations in the market, gender ratios, and its effect in the market, the different ethnic communities in the market, and education levels of the community. Other factors that also need to be considered include the different occupations in the community, the religion and religious views of the community and the income status of the different families in the community (Dismore, 33). This market

English Language Learners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

English Language Learners - Essay Example It is worth noting that all these communities have co-existed since time immemorial. With time, different cultures that speak different languages have devised their own mechanisms of survival. More importantly, these survival and communication mechanisms have changed with time in response to the changing global challenges. According to Index omundi the U.S language demographics stands at â€Å"English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%, other 0.7%† (Index Omundi, 2011, web). Certainly, the population is usually distributed according to native language. Therefore, people who share similar language occupy relatively the same geographic region. This implies that they can communicate effectively and carry out their businesses and day-to-day activities with their native languages. Therefore, they do not need to speak English to survive. Speakers of English as a second language more often than not come from other countries or regions. For i nstance, an appreciable percentage of people who speak English as a second language in UK are immigrants from other countries such as china and japan. ... This way, these language communities stay at proximity and therefore able to carry out their businesses in their native languages. Although most of them undertake English language lessons, they can still do business and interact with fellow native speakers. Although the absolute use of English for all government activities such as voting has always been advocated, provisions for other languages are usually provided for non-English speakers. According to Runnymede Borough Council, â€Å"All ballot papers are in English - this is the law. However there may be guidance notes in other languages† (2012, web). Therefore, people who speak English as a second language can participate even in national events without having to be fluent in English. Businesses such as voting are made possible by provision of native language guidelines or better still, voting assistants. However, communication in other sectors of the society is the same. For instance, most of the communication platforms i n U.S have options for users to select English or any other language as the preferred language for communication. Most of U.S telephone services require one to press 1 for English. Therefore, the communication system considers speakers of other languages. This implies that business for speakers of English, as a second language will still go on uninhibited even through communication platforms. Therefore, speakers of English as a second language do not need to be fluent English speakers to do business or other life activities. It is also important to note that a sizeable proportion of any society can speak other languages besides their native language. For instance, approximately 40 percent of the UK population can speak at least one

Right to Education in Malaysia and the United States Thesis Proposal

Right to Education in Malaysia and the United States - Thesis Proposal Example As the report highlights various studies have been carried out on the right to education   Some of these will be discussed and presented below.   In the study by Kamarrudin, Ahman, and Sulaiman, the authors set out to discuss the right to education in Malaysia in relation to the UN Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.   It mostly considered the rights to education in Islam in Malaysia where majority of their population belong to the Islamic faith.   The study established that the right to education is recognized in both the international and in Malaysia policies and the latter has done its utmost to secure compulsory primary education for its citizens regardless of their religious affiliation.   It is recommended however that Malaysia take more strides towards securing compulsory education for the children until they reach the age of 17.   The country also recognizes the fact that through education, the moral, economic, and social development of the children can be secured.   In the end, these are values which are also supported by Islam.  From the essay it is clear that in the United States, the right to education is less legally clear-cut.   Their constitution does not specifically mandate the right to education for its people and the country is not a signatory to some of the international conventions which specify the allocation of the right to education.  

Art History Essay Example for Free

Art History Essay Jose De Ribera, Martydom of Saint Bartholomew, ca. 1639. Oil on canvas * Ribera uses this piece to scorn idealization of any kind. * The drama and brutality expresses the harsh times of the Counter-Reformation. * We notice Caravaggio’s influence on Ribera through the naturalism and drama used in Martydom of Saint Bartholomew and Caravaggio’s many works. Francisco De Zurbaran, Saint Serapion, 1628. Oil on canvas * Serapion was a British martyr who was supposed to fight the Moors in Spain, who ended up being butchered in Algeria. * What makes this piece different is a complete lack of violence. There is no blood or any sign of a wound, as we can see his white robe is spotless. * Unlike most martyr paintings that make the subject seem heroic and brave, Zurbaran captures the true helplessness of the saint, winning the viewer’s emotions. Diego Velazquez, Water Carrier of Seville, ca. 1619. Oil on canvas * This piece captures the social issue of the rich and poor of Spain during the time. * The contrast of dark and light shows elements of Caravaggio, who Velaquez had studied. * Although this scene shows everyday life, the care it conveys suggests a deeper meaning. Diego Velazquez, Surrender of Breda, 1634-1635. Oil on canvas * Velazquez aided Philip IV in regaining power by using Surrender of Breda as propaganda. * This piece was not only a symbol of Spanish nationalism, but a tribute to Ambrogio Spinola, the Spanish general of this war. * Velazquez’s relationship with Spinola made Surrender of Breda especially historically accurate. Diego Velazquez, King Philip IV of Spain (Fraga Philip), 1644. Oil on canvas * Velazquez portrays Philip as a military leader by focusing attention on his marvelous red and silver campaign dress. * The painting is also known as Fraga Philip, because it was painted in the town of Fraga in Aragon. * This portrait was just another example of Velazquez’s propagandistic images used for King Philip IV. Diego Velazquez, Las Meninas, 1656. Oil on canvas * The use of depth and content in this piece helped prove Las Meninas as Velazquez’s masterpiece. * The mirror on the back wall seems to be the reflection of the king and queen, meaning they are being painted on the other side of the room. * Velazquez actually painted himself as the artist in the room. Peter Paul Rubens, Elevation of the Cross, 1610. Oil on panel * Rubens used elements both from the Renaissance and of the Italian Baroque to create the first Pan-European style, as seen in Elevation of the Cross. * The tension is emotional and physical, as seen in Christ’s face and the grief of his followers. * The drama is intensified by the strong use of light and dark. Peter Paul Rubens, drawing of Laocoon, ca. 1600-1608. Black-and-white chalk drawing with bistre wash * The predominantly black chalk drawing shows Rubens’ study of classical representation of the human form. * This piece is obviously a revisit of the marble sculpture that depicted Laocoon and his sons breaking free from serpents. * Rubens had a big focus on mastering the human body, which led him to copy classical works of earlier master artists, such as this piece. Peter Paul Rubens, Arrival of Marie de’ Medici at Marseilles, 1622-1625. Oil on canvas * The painting depicts Marie arriving in France after a long voyage from Italy. * The women waiting for her is an allegory personified to represent France, and the goddesses, Neptune and the Nereids (daughters of the sea god Nereus), represent the sky and the sea rejoicing her safe arrival. * The surfaces are enriched with decoration to further bring the painting together. Peter Paul Rubens, Allegory of the Outbreak of War, 1638. Oil on canvas * The beautiful human forms and energy that take away attention from the chaos of this piece is a recurrent theme in Rubens’ other works. * The Thirty Years’ War was Rubens’ reason to create Allegory. * The woman clothed in black, deprived of her jewels and ornaments is an unhappy Europe. Anthony Van Dyck, Charles I Dismounted, ca. 1635. Oil on canvas * Charles I turns his back on his attendants as he looks over his domain. * His location on higher ground gives us the idea he is higher than all of his observers and followers. * The king impersonates as a noble man for a casual walk in the park, but no one can take their eyes off his regal poise. Hendrick Ter Brugghen, Calling of Saint Matthew, 1621. Oil on canvas * The naturalistic presentation of the subjects echoes the work of Caravaggio. * This piece differs from work of Caravaggio because the use of color, rather than extreme contrast of light and dark. * There is a definite claustrophobic effect as noticed by the figures being crammed into a well-lit room. Gerrit Van Honthorst, Supper Party, 1620. Oil on canvas * In this painting, Honthorst portrays the darker side of humanity. * The man on the right being fed by the woman is sometimes interpreted as a warning by Honthorst to avoid the sin of gluttony. * Honthorst frequently placed a hidden light source in his paintings, such as Supper Party, to work with violent dark and light effects. Frans Hals, Archers of Saint Hadrian, ca. 1633. Oil on canvas * The Archers were one of many militia groups that helped in liberating the Dutch Republic from Spain. * In this portrait, each man is a troop member yet individually different from the next. * The troop members’ attire further helps create a certain rhythm to the piece. Frans Hals, The Women Regents of the Old Men’s Home at Haarlem, 1664. Oil on canvas * This piece captures the details of each sitter and their cultural characteristics. * The women seem to have different emotions all around, from complete disinterest to concern of their environment. * The monochromatic theme of this painting further adds to the painting’s restraint. Rembrandt Van Rijn, Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp, 1632. Oil on canvas * The students’ individual faces tell us each has different feelings and thoughts about the man being dissected. * Van Rijn diagonally placed the body to break away from the strict horizontal orientation found in traditional paintings. * Rembrandt chose to have the students all on the left side to highlight Dr. Tulp and the body.

A Review of the Use of Platelets

A Review of the Use of Platelets Introduction Blood is circulated by the heart around the body and performs many physiological functions because of the many components in blood. Half of the blood consists of cells, whereas the other half is plasma fluid. Plasma contains the nutritional material, waste, and proteins which play a part in haemostasis as discussed later in the review. Erythrocytes are one of the cells in blood, they contain haemoglobin and their main function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues. Blood also contains leukocytes and plays a role in defending the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. Finally the blood contains platelets, which are very small and work together with coagulation factors to play a major role in haemostasis. In order to understand the use of platelets in transfusion their physiological function should be considered. Haemostasis is a normal physiological response that helps avoid excessive bleeding and haemorrhaging. They have other function such as making sure the blood is fluid and in motion thereby maintaining blood vessel integrity (Verhamme, 2009). Haemostasis is a response of three different stages that progress through time. The first response which is known as primary haemostasis and this is where the platelet cells in the blood are activated once they come into contact with the exposed endothelial cells, especially collagen due to the vascular damage. The final haemostasis response causes fibrinolysis to separate and dissolve the blood clot (Verstraeten, 2004). Going back to primary haemostasis the platelets release a substance that causes the vascular muscles in the vessel to constrict, and expose a phospholipid structure that reacts with proteins known as a coagulation factors including fibrinogen and are found in the plasma. The damaged vessel releases a certain lipoprotein (tissue thromboplastin) that activates coagulation in the plasma forming a fibrin clot, which is the pus that is released once the clot is penetrated. Use Of platelets There are several uses of platelets for transfusion purposes that are available for a variety of patients. Children with malignant diseases such as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) or Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) are the most common type of patients that can receive transfusions. This technique is used to treat excessive bleeding and also when blood platelet levels fall drastically. If patients with ALL show symptoms of the disease or are bleeding continuously and prone to infections then prophylactic platelet transfusion therapy is used to raise the platelet count. In patients with AML platelet transfusions are carried out during induction chemotherapy and then later on again during stem cell transplantation. Higher threshold platelet count is required in patients suffering from disease-induced thrombocytopenia. Transfusion in stem cell recipients is another use of platelets, particularly before the engraftment phase of transplantation. ABO incompatibility may be an issue with platelet transfusions and therefore the composition must be consistent with both the donor and recipient. Children with congenital platelet disorders may also require transfusion. Inherited disorders such as Bernard-Soulier disease and Glanzmanns thrombasthenia may cause patients to bleed excessively during surgery or on other occasions. Apherisised platelets should be used. Transfusions may also be required in patients who have abnormal platelets as a result of diseases such as Wiskott-Aldrich or Fanconi anaemia. However transfusions should be carried out prudently and reserved mainly for major bleeding episodes. Platelet transfusion can also be used during pregnancy. Situations include excessive bleeding that can occur during the post-natal period, consumptive coagulopathy, placental breakage, and serious toxaemia or HELLP syndrome. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) status should be checked and if negative or unknown then CMV seronegative platelets should be administered. CMV and other infections in the newborn, such as rubella and syphilis may result in repression of platelet production that can lead to enlargement of the spleen and also a decreased platelet lifespan. Platelet transfusion for neonatal congenital infections may therefore be a possibility. Platelet alloimmunisation may cause foetal thrombocytopenia and therefore transfusion therapy into the uterus of the baby during pregnancy can be achievable to increase the platelet count. Intrauterine transfusions (IUT) are also used to avoid brain haemorrhages and other areas where excessive bleeding can occur. However IUTs are known to cause foetal death in approximately 1% of cases. Patients involved in ECMO therapy or having a cardiopulmonary bypass can also have platelet transfusion therapy. Abnormally high levels of bleeding can be replaced to return platelet levels to somewhere near normality. Infants with Foetomaternal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia with or without Intra-cerebral haemorrhage can have transfusion to normalise or replace platelet loss, making sure also that platelet-specific antigen used is negative. References Verhamme, P and Hoylaerts, M. F. (2009). Hemostasis and inflammation: two of a kind? Thrombosis Journal. 7 (15), p1-3. Verstraeten, L et al. (2004). Journal de pharmacie de Belgique. The physiology of primary hemostasis. 44 (4), P302-307. Pisciotto PT, Benson K, Hume H, Glassman AB, Oberman H, Popovsky M, Hines D, Anderson K. Prophylactic versus therapeutic platelet transfusion practices in hematology and/or oncology patients. Transfusion 1995; 35; 498-502. Kelley DL, Fegan RL, Ng AT, Kennedy MK, Blanda E, Chambers LA, Kennedy MS, Lasky LC. High-yield platelet concentrates attainable by continuous quality improvement reduce platelet transfusion cost and donor exposure. Transfusion 1997: 37; 482-486. Hunt BJ. Indications for therapeutic platelet transfusions. Consensus conference on platelet transfusions. Blood Rev 1998; 12:227-233. HG Klein and DJ Anstee; Mollisons Blood Transfusion in Clinical Medicine Ch14 p611-612; ch15 p675. Sally V. Rudman; Textbook of Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine; Ch14 p380-383. THE ROYAL CHILDRENS HOSPITAL, MELBOURNE (2008) Platelet transfusion [WWW]. Available from: http://www.rch.org.au/bloodtrans/about.cfm?doc_id=7374 [Accessed 24/02/10].